AI augmentation vs. dependency
How intelligent systems enhance performance while reshaping independent thinking, learning, trust, and decision quality.
STARTUPS × TECHNOLOGY × AI
We study what happens when entrepreneurial ambition meets intelligent technology.
STARK-X Lab investigates how entrepreneurs, learners, employees, and organizations build, adapt, and create value in an AI-driven world—without ignoring the human and environmental consequences of progress.
AIHuman-centered and responsible
ENTEntrepreneurship and venture creation
XExperimentation that tests assumptions
STARK-X stands for
StartupsTechnologyAIResponsibleKnowledgeeXperimentation
BUILD.
QUESTION.
TEST.
QUESTION.
TEST.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP • GENERATIVE AI • INNOVATION • FUTURE OF WORK • LEARNING SYSTEMS • SUSTAINABILITY • HUMAN–AI COLLABORATION •
Principal InvestigatorDr. S. Yeshwant Raj
THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Research that begins where comfortable narratives end.
Dr. S. Yeshwant Raj is an Assistant Professor in the International Business Administration Program at Tunghai University. His research examines entrepreneurship, innovation, artificial intelligence, organizational behavior, sustainability, and technology-enabled learning.
His work asks difficult but necessary questions: When does AI support become dependency? Why does innovation energize some people while unsettling others? Can entrepreneurship education build judgment rather than merely intention? What hidden costs sit behind digital convenience?
Ph.D.
International Management
National Cheng Kung University
M.Tech.
Industrial Engineering
MBA
Operations Management
RESEARCH DOMAINS
Not topics. Tensions.
We organize research around contradictions that conventional frameworks often flatten.
Entrepreneurial intention vs. capability
How practice-based learning, self-efficacy, alertness, and experimentation convert aspiration into entrepreneurial judgment.
Innovation opportunity vs. human cost
How emerging technologies affect creativity, job insecurity, burnout, motivation, and organizational adaptation.
Digital convenience vs. sustainability
How frictionless platforms, digital payments, logistics, and rebound effects produce invisible environmental consequences.
Structure vs. entrepreneurial freedom
How organizational systems create coordination while potentially constraining improvisation, bricolage, and venture behavior.
Answers vs. learning loops
How Socratic AI loops and feedback architectures can prevent cognitive bypass and strengthen durable learning.
CURRENT & EMERGING PROJECTS
Ideas built to survive difficult questions.
01
AI & FUTURE OF WORK
The Human Costs of Generative AI Emergence at Work
Examining job insecurity as a pathway from AI event strength to burnout and the buffering role of organizational adaptive practices.
EMPIRICAL
02
AI & EDUCATION
Autonomous Socratic Debugging Loops
Testing whether loop-engineered AI tutoring improves coding learning, retention, cognitive load, and independent problem solving.
RCT DESIGN
03
DIGITAL SUSTAINABILITY
The Sustainability Illusion of Cashless Economies
Mapping transactional rebound and the hidden environmental consequences of frictionless payments, returns, and digital consumption.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
04
ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION
From Alertness to Kirznerian Capability
Investigating how lean startup engagement and team diversity shape the conversion of entrepreneurial alertness into actionable capability.
QUANTITATIVE
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS
Recent work.
Feasibility triggers intention?
A longitudinal study of self-efficacy and expertise-embedded mechanisms in practice-based entrepreneurship education.
The International Journal of Management EducationCurious minds at work
How organizational support and motivation relate to employee creativity.
The Learning OrganizationBeyond migrant entrepreneurship
How mixed embeddedness and STEM backgrounds shape entrepreneurial intentions.
Journal of Organizational Change ManagementThe Power of Curiosity
Exploring joyous curiosity, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurship.
IEEE Transactions on Engineering ManagementOverqualified Yet Motivated
Work motivation, technology uncertainty, and innovative behavior.
IEEE Transactions on Engineering ManagementJOIN THE LAB
Bring a sharp question.
We will build the study around it.
STARK-X welcomes motivated students, research assistants, international collaborators, and industry partners interested in entrepreneurship, emerging technology, AI, innovation, and responsible transformation.
Start a conversationCONTACT
Build something worth questioning.
Affiliation
International Business Administration Program
Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
Research profiles